Autism is starting to become more understood and accepted by society, but we still have a long way to go. Many myths about autism still remain — ideas that range from outdated information to harmful stereotypes.
To stop the stereotypes in their tracks, it’s important to separate fact from fiction to better support autistics and their families. To shed some light on the reality of autism, here are a few common misperceptions and the truth behind these misunderstandings.
Myth: Autism can be “cured.”
Fact: Autism is not a disease that needs to be cured. It is a part of a person’s identity and should be embraced, accepted and supported. The earlier a child is diagnosed with autism, the earlier they’re able to receive interventions and support. Early intervention can help autistics reach their full potential.
Myth: There is an autism epidemic.
Fact: Autism is more common than people realize, affecting approximately 1 in 54 children in the United States. But although it is common, that doesn’t mean that there is an autism epidemic. According to the Cleveland Clinic, autism diagnoses are becoming more common, but that’s mostly because of four big changes:
- More autism awareness. Society as a whole is more aware of autism than it used to be. With more awareness comes an increase in the number and quality of services available to autistic children. This often gives parents that nudge to seek a diagnosis for their kids.
- Better diagnosis capabilities. Doctors are getting better at diagnosing autism.
- Changes to the diagnosis. In 2013, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) became an umbrella diagnosis that replaced other diagnoses, including Asperger’s syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder and pervasive developmental disorder. People with these diagnoses were grouped under an ASD diagnosis, which caused ASD to seemingly grow overnight.
- New rules. In the past, people could not be diagnosed with both autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at the same time. That changed, though, and both conditions became more common.
Myth: Autistics don’t have emotions.
Fact: Many autistics experience emotions in their own unique way. Some autistics might struggle to express their emotions, interpret social cues or show empathy in a way that a neurotypical person might expect. But autistics are fully capable of forming deep connections and bonds with others.
Myth: Autism only affects children.
Fact: Autism is a lifelong condition that presents itself differently in each stage of life. It is not something that you “grow out of.” Supporting autistics throughout their lives and through all of their life changes is important for their well-being and success.
Myth: Autism only affects boys.
Fact: While autism is diagnosed more frequently in boys, it can also affect girls. Autistic girls might show different signs — such as masking or suppressing behaviors — which might lead to a misdiagnosis. Understanding these differences is important for an early and accurate diagnosis.
Myth: Being autistic means you’re not smart.
Fact: Intelligence is not determined by whether or not you are autistic. Many autistics have average or above-average IQ levels. Their unique way of thinking should be valued and respected.
Myth: All autistics have special talents.
Fact: Oftentimes, autistics are portrayed on TV or in movies as people who are geniuses or savants. Most of these characters are extremely high-functioning or fall into the small percentage of autistics who have special talents. In reality, each person with autism is unique. Some might excel in certain areas like math, music or art, but just like a neurotypical person, autistics have talents and areas they might struggle with.
Myth: Autistics can’t live independently or hold a job.
Fact: With proper support, many autistics lead independent lives and have successful careers. Providing opportunities for education, training and employment can help autistics thrive in life.
Myth: Autism is the parents’ fault.
Fact: Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental condition that has been shown to have genetic and environmental factors at play. There is no parenting style that can cause autism. Autism parents are often their child’s biggest advocate and loudest voice.
